福建省40岁及以上居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病认知现状分析

Analysis of knowledge status about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in residents aged 40 years and over in Fujian province

目的探讨福建省≥40岁居民对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(以下简称慢阻肺)的认知情况。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取福建省2 407名≥40岁常住居民进行面对面的问卷调查,内容包括慢阻肺疾病名称知晓、肺功能检查、慢阻肺症状及危险因素等问题,采用频数和百分比对调查人口及慢阻肺知识知晓情况进行描述,采用复杂抽样加权估计≥40岁居民慢阻肺知识知晓水平并对影响因素进行分析。结果福建省≥40岁居民的慢阻肺疾病名称知晓率为6.1%,肺功能检查知晓率2.6%,慢阻肺症状和危险因素知晓率4.3%。上述三个知晓率与文化水平、从事职业有关,其中肺功能检查知晓率还与性别有关。慢阻肺症状中,气短/呼吸困难的知晓率最高(70.9%);慢阻肺危险因素认知中,吸烟知晓率最高(92.9%)。慢阻肺疾病名称知晓来源途经比例最高前三位是电视(52.6%)、医院医生(36.7%)和亲朋好友(34.0%)。结论福建省居民慢阻肺疾病认知极低,急需加强居民的慢阻肺健康教育,从而加强慢阻肺疾病的防控。

Objective To investigate the knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in Fujian residents aged≥40 years.Methods A total of 2 407 adults aged≥40 years who were selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in Fujian province were received a questionnaire survey including the knowledge of the COPD name,lung function test,symptoms and risk factors of COPD.The frequency and percentage were used to describe the demographic characteristics and the awareness rate of knowledge of COPD.The rates and the influencing factors were calculated by complicated sampling weights.Results The awareness rate of COPD was 6.1%,the awareness rate of pulmonary function test was 2.6%and the awareness rate of symptoms and risk factors of COPD was 4.3%in Fujian residents aged≥40 years.All the aboved-mentioned three awareness rates were related with educational level and occupations.Besides,the awareness rate of pulmonary function test was associated with gender as well.The awareness of COPD symptoms such as the top risk factor were hard breathing or dyspnea(70.9%);the awareness rate of smoking(92.9%)was the highest in risk factors of COPD.The top three resources of awareness of COPD were from TV(52.6%),hospital/doctor(36.7%)and relatives and friends(34.0%)in Fujian residents.Conclusion The knowledge of COPD was extremely low in Fujian residents,so it is urgent to strengthen the health education about COPD for the public to prevent COPD.