上海市石化地区老年人盲和低视力现况调查

Investigation on blindness and low vision of the elderly in Shihua area of Shanghai

目的探讨上海市石化地区老年人盲和低视力流行情况及其致病原因。方法采用抽样调查的方式,对辖区60岁以上人群开展眼科检查,检查内容主要包括日常生活视力、最佳矫正视力,按照WHO视力损失标准,评价是否属于盲或低视力,以及分析盲和低视力的病因分布情况。结果共计检查691例,检出单眼低视力221例(31.98%)、双眼低视力90例(13.02%)、单眼盲45例(6.51%)、双眼盲6例(0.87%),盲和低视力检出率与调查对象性别无关,与年龄有关。双眼低视力前3位致病原因包括白内障(65例,72.22%)、眼底病变(21例,23.33%)、屈光不正(16例,17.78%),双眼盲前3位致病原因为白内障(5例,83.33%)、黄斑变性(4例,66.67%)、眼底病变(2例,33.33%)和屈光不正(2例,33.33%)。结论上海市石化地区老年人盲和低视力检出率较高,应加强老年人白内障、眼底病变、屈光不正等眼疾防治。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of blindness and low vision among the elderly in Shihua areas of Shanghai and the causes of blindness and low vision.Methods By means of sampling survey,ophthalmological examinations including daily vision,best corrected visual acuity were carried out in people over 60 years old,and whether the subject was blindness or low visual acuity was evaluated according to WHO visual loss criteria.Results A total of 691 cases were examined,in which there were 221 cases(31.98%)with monocular low vision,90 cases(13.02%)with binocular low vision,45 cases(6.51%)with monocular blindness and 6 cases(0.87%)with binocular blindness.The detection rate of blindness and low vision was not related to the sex but related to age.The top three causes of binocular low vision were cataract(65 cases,72.22%),fundus lesion(21 cases,23.33%)and ametropia(16 cases,17.78%).The top three causes of binocular blindness were separately cataract(5 cases,83.33%),macular degeneration(4 cases,66.67%),fundus lesion(2 cases,33.33%)and ametropia(2 cases,33.33%).Conclusion The detection rates of blindness and low vision of the elderly in Shanghai Shihua area were high.Prevention and treatment of cataract,fundus diseases and refractive errors in the elderly should be strengthened.