压杆式压电应力传感器在爆炸冲量测试中的应用

Application of the Piezoelectric Pressure Bar Gauge to Blast Impulse Measurement

片炸药加载是模拟强脉冲X射线引起结构响应的主要方法,而片炸药比冲量的标定则是进行加载载荷设计的重要依据。为测量片炸药爆炸产生的比冲量,设计了一种压杆式压电应力测量系统,系统嵌入的应力计分别为PVDF和X切割石英计(0.2 mm厚)。对应力波在杆中的传播进行了数值模拟,分析了弥散对冲量测试的影响。利用该系统对一种片炸药爆炸产生的比冲量进行了实验测量。测量结果和理论计算结果进行了比较,两者偏差在10%以内。该系统可以满足工程上的测量要求。

Sheet explosive loading is the main method for simulating the structural responses induced by X-ray radiation and its impulse calibration is the important principle of designing loadings. A piezoelectric pressure bar gauge was designed to measure the impulse loadings of sheet explosive using PVD F and X-cut quartz disk respectively sandwiched in the system. The stress wave propagation in the rod was simulated and the influences on the impulse measurement by the dispersion effects are discussed. The system was applied to the impulse experiments of sheet explosive blasting. The experimental results were compared with the calculated data and the relative differences were less than 10%. The system satisfies the measuring demands in engineering.