白花桃若干性状的遗传研究

STUDIES ON THE HEREDITY OF SEVERAL CHARACTERS OF 'WHITE FLOWER' PEACH

本文主要是通过对地方品种白花桃基因型的研究,根据现代育种学的理论,提出目前南方地区在黄桃种质资源不多的条件下,培育黄肉罐桃的途径。文中指出利用配子异型的白桃地方种,可能较之利用欧洲黄桃为亲本能更迅速地获得黄桃(兼用)新品种。应与不溶质杂种间的再杂交予以同样的重视。

According to the investigation results of the indigenous ' White Flo-wer' Peach variety genotype by means of the modern theory of breed-ing, the present paper suggested the route of the breeding of yellow-fleshed canning peach variety under the conditions of the absence of germ plasm of yellow peach in Southern China.The authors pointed out that with the use of heterogametic indigenous variety 'White Flower'as the parent it would be more faster to obtain the new fresh and canning pe-ach varieties than that of European yellow-fleshed varieties hence it passessed the same significance with the rehybridization between non-melting hybrid.Because of the outstanding features of indigenous vari-ety are its best adaptability, late blooming period, large fruit size, high yielding capacity and strong resistance to diseases. But it is difficult to combined these characters by means of 1-2 times of intervarietial crossing of European Group.It is probable that the yielding capacity is the main barrier. Certainly,any new variety is difficult to wide spread in the practice unless it gives well production.'Shanghai 401'hybrid is selected from the hybrid progenies of 'Whi-te Flower' X 'Yun-Shu No.l'. Its blooming period is similar to 'Okubo' and belonged to the late-blooming variety. It prossessed the following characters: with pollen, the fruiting habit superior to the ' White Flo-wer'. The average weight per fruit about 175-200g., with golden colour and firm melting, easy to storage. The content of soluble solid was about 13-15%, and with fine fresh quality. Canned flesh was large, smooth and shiny, with uniform golden tint.