大丽花的品种分类与栽培

ON THE VARIETY CLASSIFICATION AND THE CULTIVATION OF GARDEN DAHLIAS (DAHLIA FINNATA CAV.)

作者主要探讨了大丽花的品种分类,盆栽大丽花的矮化和四季开花的栽培技术。 对大丽花的品种分类,首先是以花朵特征、瓣型变化及瓣化程度作为花型分类的主要标准,以此将大丽花品种分为:单瓣型、环领型、复瓣型、圆球型、绣球型、装饰型、睡莲型、仙人掌型、菊花型、毛毡型,计十个花型。其它形态特征如:花瓣颜色、花轮直径、植株高矮、花期早晚等,则作为次要分类标准。这样既反映了品种演变的进化关系又便于在生产实践上应用,对进一步探讨大丽花新品种的培育,研究栽培技术,布置花卉展览等方面,都有一定的参考价值。

Garden dahlia or Dahlia pinnata Cav., is one of the most famous florists' favorites. Since it has been introduced to China from abroad, many people cultivate and like this flower and use it widely for different purposes.Based mainly on differences in flower type, the author proposes a system of dahlia variety classification consisting of ten types, viz., single type, collarette type, semi-double type , round ball type , pom-pon type, decorative type, water-lily type, cactus type, chrysanthemum type, and carpet type. Other characteristics such as flower color, flower diameter, plant height, blooming season, etc., are used as sec-ondary criteria in dahlia variety classification.In the cultivation of garden dahlia, measures and methods of dwarfing culture and those of forcing and delaying blooming season for all-year-round flowering are introduced and discussed in detail.