纽荷尔脐橙叶片矿质元素含量适宜值的研究

Studies on the Optimum Parameters for Mineral Nutrition in Newhall Navel Orange Leaves

在闽西北中亚热带红壤地区,采集纽荷尔脐橙[Citrus sinensis(L.)Osbeck‘Newhall’],50个果园(范围N25°3′27″~N27°8′、海拔160~660 m),100个单株的叶片、土壤和果实样品,研究果实品质及株产等级与26个矿质元素的关系。结果表明:①果实品质受叶片矿质元素的影响依次为:可溶性固形物(36.5%,贡献率,下同)】粗纤维(27.1%)】可滴定酸(20.0%)】单果质量(16.1%);叶片矿质元素对品质影响的贡献率依次为:K(15.8%)】Cu(11.3%)】Ca(11.2%)】N(10.5%)】Ni、B(8.7%)】Cd(7.8%)】P(7.4%)】Mg(7.3%),累计贡献88.7%。②叶片矿质元素对株产等级影响的标准回归系数排序为:La(–0.553)】Ni(–0.405)】Zn(+0.395)】Cu(–0.377)。③推荐16项叶片矿质元素诊断标准'元素(【缺乏;适宜下限~适宜上限;】过量)':N(2.7%~3.2%)、P(0.13%~0.20%)、K(1.2%~1.9%;】2.2%)、Ca(2.5%~4.0%)、Mg(【0.20%;0.22%~0.45%)、Cu(5.0~25 mg·kg-1;】60 mg·kg-1)、Zn(20~50 mg·kg-1)、Fe(50~200 mg·kg-1)、Mn(20~150 mg·kg-1)、B(【20 mg·kg-1;35~150 mg·kg-1)、Mo(0.05~1.0 mg·kg-1)、S(0.28%~0.40%)、Cl(【0.2%;】0.5%);限量元素Ni(≤3.0 mg·kg-1)、Cd(≤0.3 mg·kg-1)、La(≤12 mg·kg-1)。

By assaying leaf,fruit and soil samples of 100 individual plants in 50 Newhall naval orange(Citrus sinensis)orchards,which were situated in mid-subtropics soil region in northwest Fujian and located at latitudes ranging from N25°3′27″–N27°8′,H 160–660 m,the relationship between concentrations of 26 mineral elements and fruit quality and yield per plant were studied. Results showed:①The contribution rates of fruit quality indexes,TSS,CF,titrable acid and single fruit weight,to fruit-quality were 36.5%,27.1%,20.0 and 16.1%,respectively;While those of mineral element level in leaf,including K,Cu,Ca,N,Ni,B,Cd,P and Mg,were 15.8%,11.3%,11.2%,10.5%,8.7%,8.7%,7.8%,7.4% and 7.3%,respectively,and amounted to 88.7%. ②According to standard regression analysis,the influence rates of different mineral element levels on yield per plant,from the highest to the lowest,were La(–0.553),Ni(–0.405),Zn(+ 0.395),and Cu(–0.377). Sixteen mineral elementswere recommended for leaf nutrient diagnosis in Newhall navel orange(< lack;minimum–maximum;> over):N(2.7%–3.2%),P(0.13%–0.20%),K(1.2%–1.9%;> 2.2%),Ca(2.5%–4.0%),Mg(< 0.20%;0.22%–0.45%),Cu(5.0–25 mg · kg-1;> 60 mg · kg-1),Zn(20–50 mg · kg-1),Fe(50–200 mg · kg-1),Mn(20–150 mg · kg-1),B(< 20 mg · kg-1;35–150 mg · kg-1),Mo(0.05–1.0 mg · kg-1),S(0.28%–0.40%),Cl(< 0.2%;> 0.5%);Limited elements Ni(≤ 3.0 mg · kg-1),Cd(≤ 0.3 mg · kg-1),La(≤ 12 mg · kg-1).