‘南丰蜜橘’缺铁、锰、锌的症状及其光合特性和营养状况研究

Effects of Iron, Manganese and Zinc Deficiency on the Symptom,Photosynthetic Characteristics and Nutrient Status of ‘Nanfeng' Tangerine

为明确‘南丰蜜橘’缺Fe、Mn、Zn元素的症状,揭示其对光合特性和营养状况的影响,以2年生枳砧‘南丰蜜橘’幼苗为试验材料,进行砂培盆栽缺素试验。结果表明,缺Fe处理后,‘南丰蜜橘’初级新叶呈现黄绿化,但叶脉仍为绿色,次级新叶淡黄色,新出小叶甚至为白色,叶脉也呈白色,有的次级新梢茎尖枯死,且较正常新叶变得小而狭长;缺Mn处理后,初级新叶叶脉间出现肋骨状突起,突起部位黄化;次级新叶叶脉呈绿色网状,脉间失绿,有的叶片出现褐色斑点;缺Zn处理下,初级新叶出现黄色斑点,后期斑点连成片呈现不规则的黄化区域,次级新叶则出现黄化失绿,有大量黄化斑点,同时伴有小叶簇生症状,且次级新叶显著变小,长宽比显著上升。缺Fe、Mn和Zn均显著降低了‘南丰蜜橘’初级新叶的叶绿素含量,但各处理的降幅存在显著差异(缺Fe>缺Mn>缺Zn)。缺Fe处理下的老叶和初级新叶,以及缺Mn和Zn处理下的初级新叶叶片光合作用均受到显著抑制。缺Fe、Mn和Zn处理后,除显著降低植株各部位Fe、Mn和Zn的含量,对其他矿质元素的含量也有不同程度的影响。

To ascertain the symptoms,photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient status of‘Nanfeng’tangerine under Fe,Mn,Zn deficiency,pot experiment was conducted.The results showed that,after 210 d of Fe deficiency treatment,yellow-green interveinal chlorosis symptom was observed,but the veins are still green in the primary new leaves of‘Nanfeng’tangerine,while the secondary new leaves were primrose yellow,even the new leaves and veins were white,and the secondary new leaves become small and narrow.After 210 d of Mn deficiency treatment,convex and concave leaf with yellow colour appeared in the primary new leaves,while the secondary new leaf veins are green reticulate and interveinal chlorosis,even some leaves show brown spots.In the Zn deficiency treatment,yellow spots were found in primary new leaves,and these spots become bigger and irregular yellow areas were appeared in the end of this experiment,while the whole secondary new leaves were yellowing with a lot of yellow spots,and the rosetting leaves were small and narrow.Photosynthetic pigment was decreased significantly under Fe,Mn,Zn deficiency treatments,but the decreasing amplitude was Fe>Mn>Zn.Photosynthesis of both old leaves and primary new leaves were inhibited by Fe deficiency,but only in primary new leaves under Mn,Zn deficiency conditions.Fe,Mn,Zn deficiency treatments significantly influenced not only the Fe,Mn,Zn concentration,but also other mineral nutrient concentrations of‘Nanfeng’tangerine.