文学经典翻译的认知补偿策略及其选择标准——以《红楼梦》中45例戏曲剧目翻译为例

Principles for the Cognitive Compensation in Literature Canon Translation: on Translation of 45 Drama Names in Honglou Meng

本文在认知叙事学的关照下,考察了翻译研究的范围和路径,归纳并评析了认知叙事学视角下翻译研究的语言文化研究和实证研究方式,同时论证了译者作为原文本的直接认知者在此类研究中的中心地位。在厘清认知叙事学翻译研究的对象和重心之后,本文梳理了《红楼梦》两个译本中45个戏曲剧目的翻译,进一步阐释了译者在采用认知性补偿策略时所要遵循的自觉、忠实和连贯原则。在此基础上,本文论证了在译文读者中建立文类规约的可能性,并尝试建立认知补偿的一般性适用模型。

In the light of Cognitive Narratology,this paper comprehensively reviews two ways to conduct translation study and points out that empirical study is far from adequate. Then this paper argues that the translator,firsthand readers of the source text,be the focus in cognitive translation study. After that,a breakdown of 45 drama name translations in two Honglou Meng translation versions is comparatively analyzed and employed to point out that spontaneity,fidelity and coherence are three necessary principles translators should conduct when they adopt the cognitive compensation for cognitive gaps. Based on that,the paper discusses the possibility of generic norms cultivation and further sets an experimental model for cognitive compensation in drama name translations.