汉语外来词音译及其音译文化心理探究

A Study on Transliteration of the Chinese Loanwords and the Cultural Mentality behind It

中国是一个具有悠久历史与深厚文化底蕴的国度,汉民族是一个有着灿烂文明的伟大民族。在漫长的历史进程中,中国与汉民族曾经远远走在了其他民族与国家的前列。由此亦铸就了中国人特别是汉民族一种近乎集体无意识的自我中心心态,而且此一民族心态既牢固又普遍。本文选取汉语在长期与其他民族语言交流中吸收外来词时所表现出来的力拒音译、力主意译以及万不得已而采用音译仍不忘'汉化'其词的现象进行研究,总结了音译的四种特殊类型,并从文化心理上予以阐释。

China is a country with a long history and profound cultural deposits. The Chinese nation is a great nation with splendid civilizations. In the long past,China and the Chinese nation have far surpassed most other countries and nations in terms of civilization,which has therefore fostered a subconscious mentality of collective self-centredness. In absorbing the loanwords from other languages,the Chinese nation favors free translation rather than transliteration. When they have to adopt transliteration,they still endeavor to localize the loanwords in the Chinese language. This paper summarizes four types of transliteration in absorbing the loanwords into the Chinese language and tries to interpret them from the perspective of cultural mentality.