语言认同对全球华语社区建构的作用

The Role of Language Identityin the Construction of the Global Chinese Speech Community

本文主要讨论语言认同在言语社区建构过程中的作用。本研究主要采用问卷调查和语装配对技术两项研究方法,分别针对281名和272名马来西亚大学生进行了七项马来西亚华语语法结构使用与认同的调查。研究结果显示:调查对象对马来西亚华语的使用和认同存在很强的一致性;而他们对马来西亚标准华语的评价普遍高于马来西亚通俗华语,而且多数调查对象将其等同于中国普通话。实证研究带给我们的启示是:马来西亚华语社区是一个实体,马来西亚通俗华语和标准华语都是区内重要的设施,前者的区内认同作用较强,而后者对于连接不同的华语社区具有重要的作用,尤其是对于建构全球华语社区(跨国语言规划)具有重要的参考价值。

This paper discusses the role of language identity in the construction of the Malaysian speech community.Based on the empirical study of Malaysian Mandarin,this paper proposes that the consistency in language use and identity is one of the characteristics of Mandarin speech community.Against the background of Global Chinese and increase of interaction between speech communities,identities towards different Mandarin varieties may differentiate different Chinese speech communities.The standard variety of Mandarin may become the common facility of the global Chinese speech community,which may enhance the convergence of Global Chinese.Both questionnaire survey and matched-guise technique are used in the current study with 281 and 272 Chinese college students as the subjects respectively.The findings show that there is great consistency in the use and identity of Malaysian Mandarin by these college students;standard Mandarin scores higher than the colloquial Mandarin;most respondents equate standard Mandarin with Putonghua.This empirical study implies that Malaysian Chinese speech community is an entity with both standard Mandarin and colloquial Mandarin as its facilities.The former plays an important role within the speech community while the latter may facilitate communication across Chinese speech communities,which is of reference value for the construction of the global Chinese speech community.