电子束流焦点和测量方法进展及分类

REVIEW OF ELECTRON BEAM FOCAL SPOT AND ITS MEASUREMENT METHODS AS WELL AS CLASSIFICATION OF FOCAL SPOT National Weapons Science Research Academy

回顾了焦点定义和测量方法 ,首次明确将电子束流焦点状态与焊接过程建立直接联系 ,揭示了具有焊接特征焦点与测量方法的内在关系 ,并根据束流与金属是否产生作用和作用的程度 ,将焦点分类成静态焦点、准动态焦点和动态焦点。指出静态焦点是轨迹形状焦点 ,AB法实质就是斜面 -熔宽极值焦点测量法 ,认识了焦点测量方法本身定义的焦点与静态焦点的本质区别 ,使得在电子束焊接工程中焦点概念应用更清晰 ,焦点参数使用更方便 ,并且为进一步开发新的焦点测量方法提供了理论指导。

The definition and measurement method of electron beam (EB) focal spot is reviewed. It is the first that the direct relation between the state of EB focal spot and the process of welding is definitely found. The inherence relation with the welding properties between focal spot and measurement methods is opened out. According to the interaction and degree of interaction between electron beam and metal, the EB focal spot is classified to the static focal spot, the quasi-dynamic focal spot and the dynamic focal spot. The static focal spot is the locus-form focal spot. Substantially, the AB method is just the focal spot measurement method about inclined plan-extremum of molten pool width. At the same time, the measurement method of focal spot by itself turns into the definition of focal spot; these focal spot is different from the static focal spot. So, the conception of EB focal spot is clearer in the electron beam welding engineering, the usage of parameter of focal spot is more convenience, and the theory and direction is supplied for more exploiting new measurement method about focal spot.