吉林省生态系统服务价值变化研究

Study on the effects of land use change on ecosystem service values of Jilin Province

研究土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值的影响具有重要意义。论文以吉林省土地利用动态数据为基础,应用Costanza等提出的生态系统服务价值系数,分析了土地利用变化及其所引起的生态系统服务价值的变化。结果表明,从1980年到2000年,吉林省草地、水域和湿地面积大量减少,其它类型土地面积在增加;由于耕地的生态价值系数相对较小,湿地和水域的生态价值系数较高,耕地面积的增加不能弥补由于湿地、水域减少造成的区域生态系统服务价值的整体下降,使得区域生态系统服务价值显著减少。吉林省生态系统服务价值从1980年的12365.14×106＄减少到2000年的10700.38×106＄,减少率为13.46%,净减少值为1664.76×106＄,总生态系统服务价值每年变化率为0.72%。

It is of significance to study the effect of land use change on ec osystem service values.This paper aimed to provide decision support for sustain able use of resources and protection of eco-environment by assessing land use change and its consequent changes in ecosystem service values of Jilin Province .We obtained land use data by interpreting remote sensing images.Based on dyna mic data of land use in Jinlin,this paper analyzed changes in land use and ecos ystem service values using the ecosystem service value coefficients put forward by Costanza et al.In addition,coefficients of sensitivity were introduced to test the rationality of ecological value coefficients.Results show that from1 980to2000,area of rangeland,water bodies and wetlands decreased and oth er categories of land use increased.Due to comparatively small valuation coeffi cients(VC)of cultivated land and comparatively big VC of wetland and water bod ies,the increment in cultivated land could not offset the total decrement in regional ecosystem service values because of decrease in area of wetlands and wa ter bodies.Meanwhile,city sprawl has also led to loss of ecological values.T he total ecosystem service values of the study area reduced dramatically,from U SD12365.14×10 6 to USD10700.38×10 6 in period1980-2000.There was a13.46%net decline in annual va lue of ecosystem services in study area(i.e.USD1664.76×10 6 net decline in total ecosystem service values)and a0.72%decline per ye ar.In recent five years,the degradation of woodland,wetland and rangeland sl owed down because of enhancement of eco-environment protection.There was an 0.54%decline per year in ecosystem service values from1995to2000,w hile there was an0.78decline per year from1980to1995,which shows t hat the decline in ecosystem service values has been lessened in recent five ye ars.