对“三北”防护林体系工程的思考与展望

Thoughts and views about the three north shelterbelt program

“三北”防护林体系工程是一项宏伟的工程,她不仅是中国生态环境建设的伟大创举,也是全球生态环境建设的重要组成部分。始于1978年的这项生态工程,23年来累计造林保存面积2203.72×104hm2,“三北”地区的森林覆盖率已从工程开始实施时的5.05%提高到目前的9%,一些重点地区的区域性防护林体系已初具规模,生态效益、经济效益、社会效益都有了不同程度的提高。这一工程体系突破了传统的单一模式,实行带、片、网相结合,人工造林、飞播造林、封山封沙育林相结合,造(林)、封(育)、管(护)相结合,丰富了防护林体系建设的科学内涵。21世纪前50年是“三北”防护林体系建设的攻坚期,也是决战期,必须重视科技成果的推广运用,加快工程建设步伐,并采取切实措施巩固建设成果。

Noted as a great splendid program,the three north shelterbelt p rogram is not only a pi-oneering work in China’s eco-construction,but also the important part of national eco-construction.Started in1978,the survival area of the program is accumu lated to be22.0372million hectares in23years,and the forest coverage h as been increased from5.05%in the beginning to9%up to now.The protection forest system in some key areas have been set up so stably that its ecological ,economic and social benefits have been improved greatly.The program has a bre akthrough from the traditional model into a multiple one,that is,the combinati on of belt,patch and net,the combination of artificial afforestation,aerial-sowing afforestation and closing hill and sand dune to facilitate afforestat ion,and combination of silviculture,prohibiting and managing,and thus enriche s the scientific connotation of the protection forest system construction.The f ormer50years of the21st century will be a decisive period for the program.S cientific achievements must be paid great attention to the program in order to s trengthen the construction pace and consolidate the program with suitable measur es.