深圳市光明新区2013-2017年3岁以下儿童传染病发病情况分析

Analysis on the incidence of infectious diseases in children under 3 years old in Guangming new district of Shenzhen city from 2013 to 2017

目的了解深圳市光明新区儿童传染病发病情况,掌握发病规律,探讨防控措施。方法对中国疾病预防控制系统中光明新区2013-2017年0~3岁儿童传染病病例采用描述流行病学方法进行统计学分析。结果光明新区2013-2017年0~3岁儿童共计报告传染病28 120例,年平均发病率11. 25%,年报告发病率从2014年起呈逐年上升趋势,介于8. 75%~15. 01%。发病数男孩明显多于女孩,1岁组发病率最高(15. 07%),2岁组最低(5. 76%),发病率排前五位的为手足口病、其他感染性腹泻、水痘、流行性感冒和流行性腮腺炎。结论光明新区0~3岁儿童传染病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,手足口病、其他感染性腹泻是重点防控传染病。提高预防接种率,加强传染病健康宣教,家庭、社区、医院联防联控是降低传染病发病率的有效措施。

Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases among children in Guangming new district,and to provide effective measure for its prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiology methods were used to analyze the data of the infectious diseases in children under three years old in Guangming new district from 2013 to 2017 which were obtained from China information system for disease control and prevention.Results The total of infectious diseases was 28 120 cases in children under 3 years old from 2013 to 2017 in Guangming new district,the annual average incidence rate was 11.25%,the annual report incidence rate had increased year by year after 2014,between 8.75%and 15.01%.The number of case of boys significantly higher than girls.The highest incidence rate was in the children aged one year group(15.07%).The lowest was in the children aged two years group(5.76%).The top five diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea disease,varicella,influenza and mumps.Conclusion The incidence rate of children under three years old had increased year by year in Guangming new district.Hand-foot-mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea disease are the main infectious diseases which should be prevented and controlled.Improving the vaccination rate,strengthening infectious diseases health instruction,cooperation of the family,community and hospital are the effective measure to decrease the infectious diseases rate.