不同水肥条件下旱地小麦水肥利用率研究

Study on Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Wheat under Different Water and Fertilizer Conditions

探讨了不同水肥条件对旱地小麦产量和水肥利用率的影响。结果表明,不同水肥条件对小麦株高、穗长、穗粒数和千粒重有明显影响;补充灌水和不灌水施肥处理分别比相应对照增产39 2%～142 6%和34 2%～152 3%,同时补充灌水比不灌水各处理增产21 0%～40 2%。不同肥料配比以N1P1处理的肥料利用效率最高,并以适当补灌效果最佳,补充灌水和不灌水每千克N分别增产小麦18 0kg和13 0kg。不同肥料配比处理灌水利用效率分别比对照提高0 17～0 72kg/m3,并以N1P1最高,为1 16kg/m3。

The effect of different water and fertilizer conditions on dryland wheat yield and water and fertilizer use efficiency was discussed in this article. The experiment results showed the water and fertilizer conditions had an obvious influence on wheat height, fringe length, amount of fringe grain and weight of 1000 grains. The fertilizer treatments of supplement irrigation and no irrigation increased production 39.2%～142.6% and 34.2%～152.3% individually than that of ck. At the same time, the supplement irrigation treatments increased production 21.0%～40.2% than that of no irrigation. In all of the fertilizer treatments, the fertilizer use efficiency of the treatment of N_1P_1was the highest, and the supplement irrigation was better than that of no irrigation. The fertilizer use efficiency of supplement irrigation and no irrigation of the treatment of N_1P_1was 18.0 kg and 13.0 kg wheat grain per kilogram fertilizer. And the analysis of irrigation water use efficiency of different fertilizer treatment approve this viewpoint, the water use efficiency of different fertilizer treatment augmented 0.17～0.72 kg/m^3 than that of ck, and the treatment of N_1P_1 was the highest, which water use efficiency got to 1.16 kg/m^3. Therefore, the reasonable irrigation play a positive role on dryland crops production, and the good coupling of water and fertilizer has an important affect on improving irrigation water use efficiency.