论中国体育“举国体制”的概念、特点与功能

The Discussion on the concept, characteristics and function of Entire System in Chinese Sports

中国体育的"举国体制"是特定历史时期内所实行的一种特殊的体育体制。这种体育体制的主要特点是依靠政府的行政手段来管理体育,依靠计划的手段来为体育的发展提供必要的财政支持。"举国体制"具有整合各级行政资源,为体育事业的发展获得必要的行政支持,利用国家的财政资源为体育事业的发展获得必要的资金等功能。从21世纪中国体育的任务与发展趋势来看,"举国体制"仍然在相当一段历史时期内对于中国体育事业的发展是必不可少的。关键在于,在保持这一体制的巨大优势前提下,如何通过改革来使之适应市场经济体制的变革。

Entire System is a kind of special system implemented by Chinese sports during specific period. The main features of the system include managing sports by government, offering financial support by plan, integrating all level's municipal resources thus to give sports municipal support and utilizing nation's financial resources for sports development. From Chinese government's sports tasks and development tendency since 21th century, entire system will still play a very important role for our sports development. The reform should be considered to make sports adapt to market economy on the basis of the system.