当前我国大气环境质量的几个特征

Several Characteristics of Atmospheric Environmental Quality in China at Present

通过分析我国大气环境监测资料可知,我国大气污染物已从SO2转变为PM10,而且大气环境质量呈现大区域特征。以年日均API分布为例,出现2个大污染区域和几个小区域,一个大区域处于华北、东北和西北的部分地区,另一个大区域处于长江中下游地区。这些区域的形成,除该区域中煤耗总量较大以外,还与大气输送网络和盆地地形有密切关系。研究地区的大气环境质量常常出现过程特征,由不同月份的大气环境质量优良的过程和污染的过程发现这类过程的出现与移动缓慢的弱天气形势下的大气边界层底层结构有关。提出了温度、露点的垂直分布特征与大气污染物浓度将出现增量或减量的相关性。

Based on an analysis of monitoring data on atmospheric environment in China,the air pollutant of the first importance in China is PM_(10) at present instead of SO_2 in the past,and the quality of the atmospheric environment has appeared to be of the territorial feature.For an example,there appeared two large pollution areas by annual average daily API,with one situated in the northern,northeast and part of northwest China,and another in the middle and lower reach of the Yangtze River.In addition,there were a few small areas.The formation of these areas is closely related to consumption of large quantities of coal within the areas as well as the atmospheric transport network and the topography of the basins.Frequent progress feature was also found for the atmospheric environmental quality in the areas under research.Both the excellent progress and pollution progress of the atmospheric environmental quality were described,which were related to the lower storey structure of the atmosphere boundary layer.The correlation of the vertical distribution feature of both the temperature and dew point with the increase or decrease of the atmosphere pollutant quantity was reported.