梁启超《新民说》对儒学传统的突破

Breakthrough in the Tradition of Confucianism of On Rebirth of Nationals by Liang Qichao

以《新民说》为主线,对梁启超的政治思想和伦理思想及其与儒学传统的关系进行了分梳和评析。作者认为,梁启超的国家思想和群治思想突破了儒学传统的民本思想,符合近代中国反帝反封建的历史潮流。但在伦理道德观方面仍保留了相当多的儒学传统,既有所继承,同时又在融合中西文化的基础上有所创新。在如何对待传统文化的问题上,梁启超提出,一方面通过"淬厉其所本有而新之",另一方面通过"采补其所本无而新之"。这种将两种文化的长处兼容并蓄的文化创新观念,即便在今天仍有启迪意义。

This paper has a look into On Rebirth of Nationals by Liang Qichao and furthermore it combs out and analyzes Liang's political concepts and moral principles and their relations with the tradition of Confucianism. In the author's point of view, Liang's conception of a nation and of getting people involved in the politic life of a nation rule breaks through the old idea that the people is the root of a country in traditional Confucianism in Chinese history. His standpoint is in line with the historical trends of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism in modern China. However, it is not hard for us to see Liang retains some tradition of Confucianism with regard to the Chinese ethics and morals. Liang carries on good tradition and he brings forth new ideas on the basis of combining Chinese culture with Western culture as well. Regarding what can be done with Chinese traditional culture, Liang puts forward 'refining the essence from the native culture and renovating them and collecting and taking the essence from the foreign culture and renovating ours with them'. We think that Liang's new cultural conception that the good points of the two different cultures should be compatible and serve us has meaningful significances even today, which can give us an inspiration in reality.