中国紧急状态法的立法状况及特征

On the situation and characteristics of Chinese legislation about state of emergency

本文侧重对我国目前紧急状态法的立法现状、内容和特征进行了比较全面地分析 ,并在结合国外法治国家紧急状态法律制度建设的经验基础之上 ,提出要统一我国的紧急状态法律制度 ,特别是应当制定统一的紧急状态法来代替目前分散立法的状况 ,此外 ,还应当建立统一的应急机构来保证政府在紧急状态时期能够依法行使行政紧急权力 ,防止公民的宪法和法律权利因为实施紧急状态而受到政府紧急权力不必要的侵犯。

The article analyzes the current legislative situation, content and characteristics about the domestic laws of emergency state, and then analyzes the alien legal states' experiences on systematical arrangements of emergency state. Furthermore, it asserts that the domestic current emergency laws should be consolidated; especially the uniform legislation should take the place of the current fragmental legislative situation. Moreover, the uniform emergency institutions should be established to make sure that the government could perform its emergency powers according to the rules of law strictly in case civil rights on constitution and other laws encounter unnecessary invasions from emergency powers of government.