甘蓝异倍体间杂交获得三倍体和非整倍体的研究

Studies on obtaining triploid and aneuploid cabbages by crossi ng among heteroploid cabbages

通过二、四倍体间杂交 ,获得了甘蓝同源三倍体 (2n =3x =2 7) ,其中 4x× 2x的结籽率为 3 .61 % ,2x× 4x的为 0 .57%。用三倍体再与二倍体亲本杂交 ,3x× 2x的结籽率为 1 0 .46 % ,2x× 3x的结籽率为 0 .83 %。在二、三倍体间的杂交子代中非整倍体均占绝大多数 ,其中 3x× 2x的非整倍体率为 85 .2 9% ,2x× 3x的为 75 .90 %。非整倍体类型均以 2n +1的居多 。

By crossing among 4x×2x,2x×4x,3x×2x and 2x×3x, autotriploid cabbage plants(2n=3x=27)and aneuploid cabbage plants were obtained. The seed setting wa s 3.61% in 4x×2x, 0.57% in 2x×4x,10.46% in 3x×2x and 0.83% in 2x×3x r espect ively. The chromosome identification of pollen mother cells and root tip cells s howed that most of the backcross(3x×2x and 2x×3x) generation plants were aneup loid, and the number of chromosomes in the aneuploid plants mainly ranged from 2 n+1=19 to 2n+2=20, and the hypoploid or hyperploid with chromosomes of more than 2n+5=23 was quite rare.