嫩江下游沼泽湿地变化的驱动力分析

Driving Forces Analysis of Mire Wetland Change in Lower Nenjiang Watershed

从20世纪80年代中期到20世纪末,嫩江下游地区年平均气温上升、湿润度逐渐下降、降水量减少、年径流减少等原因导致了沼泽湿地面积大量减少。沼泽湿地减少的面积距主要公路和铁路的最短距离成幂指数关系;与主要城市最短距离的e指数关系并不显著。人口增长、农业现代化水平的提高以及人类对眼前利益的追逐是沼泽开垦为耕地的主要社会经济驱动力。

The reducing of mire wetland area in lower Nenjiang watershed is much more related to rising of annual mean temperature, declining of humidity, decreasing of precipitation and runoff cutting down during 1986-2000. The reducing of mire wetland is relative to power index of the shortest distance to the road and railway, and is relatively unremarkable with e power exponent of the shortest distance to town. Population growing, improving of agriculture modernization level and aspiring after interests at the movement are main social economic driving forces resulting in mire wetland reclamation.