鞍山市铁矿矿山地质灾害形成条件及对策研究

Analysis of the Forming Conditions and Study of Countermeasures of Geological Hazards in the Anshan Iron Mines

矿山地质灾害较其它地质灾害相比有其独特性。在鞍山铁矿区 ,排土场沉降不仅与采矿引起的地下水位下降有直接的联系 ,还与松散细粒土层、活动断裂有关 ;滑坡、泥石流地质灾害与地形地貌、水源条件及构造有一定的关系 ,更重要的是采矿活动产生的废石废渣为其提供了大量的物源 ;尾矿库灾害主要表现为 :洪水漫顶、尾矿砂液化破坏、尾矿坝渗漏及管涌溃堤、尾矿坝滑塌破坏等。本文简要分析了鞍山市铁矿山主要存在的地质灾害类型 (排土场地面沉降、滑坡、泥石流及尾矿库地质灾害 )和形成条件并提出了防治地质灾害的对策。

Mine geological hazards are more distinctive than those of their other kinds. The ground subside at the excavated areas of Anshan iron mines is related not only with the falling of groundwater table owing to the mining activities, but also with the undolidified sediment layers and active faults. Landslide and mudflow also are some concerned in physiognomy, water supply and geological structures, but more importance is that the waste residue makes a supply to landslide and mudflow. Gangue hazards are recognized mainly as: the overflowing flood, fluidity, leakage of gangue dyke and sliding of gangue dyke. The present paper mainly analyses the types of hazards (ground subsidence, landslide, mudflow, gangue hazards), the forming conditions and countermeasures of geological hazards in Anshan iron mines.