髋部损伤术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的高危因素分析

AN ANALYSIS ON THE HIGH RISK FACTORS OF LOWER-LIMB DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS IN HIP INJURY AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT

为探讨髋部损伤术后下肢深静脉血栓 (Deep veinthrombosis DVT)形成的高危因素及预防措施 ,对 4 2例髋部损伤术后并发下肢DVT的患者行彩色多普勒超声血流显像 (CDFI)检查 ,记录血栓情况并分析高龄、心脑血管病、糖尿病与下肢DVT形成的关系。本组合并心脑血管病及糖尿病者共 2 2例 (占 5 2 % ) ,与同期未发生DVT的髋部损伤患者对比有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。本组患者 6 0岁以上者有 30人 ,与同期未发生DVT的髋部损伤患者对比有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结果表明高龄、心脑血管病及糖尿病是髋部损伤术后并发下肢DVT的高危因素。认为对围手术期存在高危因素的患者 ,有必要预防性应用抗凝药物 ,以减少术后下肢DVT的发病率。

The objective of the paper is to explore the high risk factors and preventive measures of postoperative lower-limb deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in hip injury. Forty-two cases of hip injury complicated with postoperative lower-limb DVT were examined with color Doppler flow images (CDFI), the thromboses of them were recorded, and the relationship between lower-limb DVT and senility, angiocardiopathy, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus was analyzed. In this series, 22 cases (52 %) were complicated with angiocardiopathy, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus and 30 cases aged over 60 years with a significant difference (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) compared with the cases with no DVT at the same period. The results showed that senility, angiocardiopathy, cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus should be regarded as the high risk factors resulting in postoperative lower-limb DVT associated with hip injury. It was believed that it is necessary to give the cases with the high risk factors anticoagulative drugs peri-operatively as to decrease the incidence of postoperative lower-limb DVT.