基于生命经济价值理论的企业安全投资技术经济分析

Study on Technical and Economic Analysis of Safety Investment in Enterprises Based on Economic Value of Life

正确估算人的生命经济价值 ,对于正确评价企业安全投资的经济效益有着重要的意义。在我国 ,长期以来 ,对各种伤亡事故和职业危害的经济赔偿标准定得太低 ,不仅使伤亡者不能获得合理的经济赔偿 ,而且客观上助长了企业经营者轻视安全投资的行为 ,这与我国缺乏较为完善的生命经济价值理论有着密切的关系。目前对人的生命经济价值的估算方法基本上可以分为两大类 :人力资本法和支付意愿法。笔者在前人研究的基础上 ,运用理论模型估算出我国目前一名具有高中文化程度职工的生命经济价值约为 72万元 ,如果条件许可 ,通过调查收集数据 ,然后采用支付意愿法并进行回归分析 。

It is significant to assess accurately the economic benefits of safety investment in enterprises in terms of a reasonable valuation of the economic value of life. In China, the standard for compensating accident casualties and occupational hazards is too low for a long time. It not only makes the compensation for casualties unreasonable, but also encourages enterprises to despise the safety investment. It is closely related to the lack of perfect theory regarding the economic value of life. At present, there exist two approaches to the economic valuation of life: human capital and willingness to pay (WTP). The authors find through their mathematical model that the approximate value of a Chinese worker with high school diploma amounts to RMB$ 720 000 based on the previous research. If permitted, a more exact estimated value could be reached by collecting pertinent data and adopting regression analysis in terms of the approach of WTP.