青藏高原大气热量的简单计算方法及其应用

A Simple Method to Calculate Atmospheric Heat over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Application

利用1961—1995年青藏高原及其邻近地区198个地面站月平均常规观测资料与青藏高原大气热量(〈Q1〉)资料,建立了一种计算青藏高原大气热量的简便方法。利用计算出的大气热量分析了各个季节青藏高原各地区〈Q1〉的气候特征,以及冬季高原〈Q1〉与春季大气环流场的关系。结果发现,各个季节高原东北部地区大气热量值都小于南部地区;高原各区大气热量在20世纪70年代到80年代初都表现出了显著的上升趋势。高原冬季热源与春季高原周围地区的位势高度场存在着明显的负相关,气候模拟证实了冬季高原地区热源变化对春季东亚大气环流的这种影响。

A simple method to calculate atmospheric heat over the Tibetan Plateau is constructed based on the monthly average conventional observation data of 198 stations from 1961 to 1995 over the Tibetan Plateau and in its vicinity and the heat source <Q_1> over the Plateau.Using the calculated heat,the climatic characteristics of <Q_1> in various regions and seasons and the relationship between <Q_1> over the Tibetan Plateau in winter and air circulation in spring are also analyzed.The results show that the amount of <Q_1> in the north-eastern part of the Plateau is less than that in the southern part,that the <Q_1> in the each regions presents an upward trend from 1970s to the ealy 1980s and that there exists a negative correlation between the winter heat source over the Plateau and the geopotential height field around the Plateau in spring,which is proved by a climate simulation.