2002年全国疟疾形势

Malaria Situation in the People's Republic of China in 2002

2002年全国疟疾疫情有较大幅度的波动,发病率较2001年上升68.2%.云南、海南、湖北、安徽、湖南、广西、贵州等13省(自治区)的疟疾发病率有不同程度的上升.中部4省(湖北、河南、安徽、江苏)以及贵州等5省18县82乡镇出现不同程度的局部暴发流行.

This summary was made on the basis of the annual reports of malaria control from the professional institu- tions in the 21 Provinces/Municipality/Autonomous Region (P/M/A). The number of malaria cases reported in the coun- try was 35 298 in the year 2002 and the incidence rate was 0. 348/10 000, an increase of 68. 2% than that of the last year and the largest increase since 1994. The total number of suspected cases was 136 902, and the death toll due to malaria was 42. Based on the numbers of malaria cases and suspected cases from the case re- porting system of P/M/A, and on the field investiga- tions of the cases missed (failed to report), the estimat- ed total number of malaria cases was 387 000 in 2002. In the South, the provinces of Yunnan and Hainan have been the major area of malaria historically. About 50% of the reported cases in the country were from the two provinces in 2002. There were 12 218 cases report- ed from Yunnan with 33 deaths, the incidence was 3. 026/10 000, 31. 6% increase than that in the last year. Among the reported cases, 2 922 were cases of falciparum malaria. The estimated number of malaria cases was 18 times more than that reported. The num- ber of reported cases in Hainan was 5 354 with an inci- dence of 6. 645/10 000, 15. 5% increase than that of the last year; there were 1 210 cases of falciparum malaria, and 1 death. The estimated number of malaria cases was 100 000. Covered were also the other P/M/A in the South: Fujian, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan and Chongqing. In Fujian province, 92 malaria cases were reported, all imported, with an incidence of 0. 028/ 10 000 which increased by 272. 8% than that in the last year. There were 713 cases reported in Guizhou with an incidence of 0. 193/10 000, increased by 17. 1%. The number of reported malaria cases was 392 in Guangxi, with an incidence rate of 0. 082/10 000, in- creased by 14. 0%. The incidence slightly decreased in Sichuan, Guangdong and Chongqing, and the case number was 443, 403 and 130 respectively. The cases from the 6 provinces /municipality occupied 6. 2% of all cases reported from the country. The 5 provinces in central China were also impor- tant in malaria control program. Hubei province report- ed 5 101 malaria cases (incidence O. 895/10 000), in- creased by 161. 6% than that of the last year; plus sus- pected cases of 5 614, the total number of malaria cases was estimated to be 11 000. The number of reported cases in Anhui province was 5 999 (0. 958/10 000), second largest to that of Yunnan province, increased by 123. 6%; with 22 615 suspected cases, the total num- ber of malaria cases was estimated to be 28 000. The case number reported in Henan and Jiangsu provinces was 2 921 and 686 respectively, the incidence decreased by 35. 1% and 41. 7% respectively, but in Shandong province, 52 cases reported with an increase of 23. 8%. Focal outbreaks occurred in 81 villages of 17 counties in the provinces of Hubei, Anhui, Henan and Jiangsu, where Anopheles sinensis is the principal transmitting vector. Malaria cases reported from the 5 provinces in central China accounted for 42% of the national figure. Three hundred and thirteen and 229 cases respec- tively reported from Hunan and Zhejiang provinces, the incidence increased by 44. 2% and 288. 1% with 3 and 1 death respectively. There were 28 cases in Jiangxi province with a little fluctuation situation. In Shanghai, 135 cases were recorded with an increase of incidence by 66. 7%; 16 were infected locally and others all import- ed. In the provinces of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Liaoning and Gansu, sporadical malaria cases were still reported. The number of Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases was 4 319, accounting for 12. 2% of the total cas- es; of which 13. 4% (556) were imported cases. The locally infected falciparum malaria was found in 61 counties/cities of Hainan, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Shaanxi; of which 42 counties/cities were