高速压气机不稳定流动声测量技术研究

THE STUDY ON THE ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY OF INSTABLE FLOW IN THE HIGH SPEED COMPRESSOR

本文叙述了用声测量技术研究高速压气机的旋转不稳定特性、失速先兆及失速过程,建立了一套测量方法、测量系统,测量了高速压气机管道内声场的时域波形、频谱和管道声模态,结果分析表明:在没有激波的条件下高速压气机的管道声场中也存在低速压气机中可能存在的不稳定分量,但在有激波存在时无法分辨激波分量和不稳定分量,也未发现激波噪声分量的模态特征。所建立的测量系统具有高速、大容量、连续采集多通道信号的能力,并有快速计算频谱和模态的功能,使这种测量技术可成为一种常规研究压气机不稳定特性、失速机理和失速过程的有效方法。

The report presents a study on the rotation instability, stall inception and the stall procedure, a measurement method and a measurement system were set up, the time wave and spectrum of sound pressure and acoustic mode inside the compressor were measured by the system. The results illustrate that the rotation instability components, which have been measured in low speed compressor, could be found in the high speed compressor if the shock wave does not happen. When the shock wave appears it is difficult to distinguish the instability components from the shock wave noise, the acoustic mode characteristics of the shock wave noise have not been recognized. The measurement system built up have an ability to continuously acquire a mass data in real time with high speed, and to calculate the spectrum and acoustic mode quickly and efficiently, it will make the technique possible to become a routine method to investigate the instability, rotation stall inception and stall procedure of high speed compressor.