子午岭植被类型特征与枯枝落叶层保水作用的研究

THE VEGETATIONAL FEATURES AND WATER-HOLDING EFFECTS OF THE LITTER IN THE ZIWU RIDGE

子午岭林区地跨陕甘两省,处在黄土高原的中心地带,是泾河、洛河两水系的分水岭,是黄土高原现存比较完整的天然次生林区。我们自1984—1989年在子午岭林区甘肃省合水林业总场连家砭林场设站,研究森林、灌丛、草地、枯枝落叶层的蓄积量、分解状况及其形成规律,并观察测定枯枝落叶层和林下土壤的含水量、蓄水量、最大吸水量和拦蓄量。从生态学的角度了解子午岭林区不同植被类型保持水土、涵养水源的机理和作用,为黄土高原地区合理经营天然次生林,发挥水源涵养的作用提供科学依据。

The Ziwu Ridge ranges between Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces, locates in the central land of the Loess Plateau. It is the watershed between the Jinghe river system and the Louhe river system, and belongs to the natural and secondary forest zone which is the complete on the Loess Plateau. After the experimental station established between the Years 1984—1989, We have approached the storage, decomposition and form pattern of the litter on bushy lands and grasslands. Also, we have determined the water content, water storage, maximal water absorption and water retaining capacity of the soil under forests and litter. Furthermore, the functional mechanism of conserving soil and water by different vegetations in the Ziwu Ridge has been understood ecologically. These results provide the scientific basis for managing the natural and secondary forest and for developing the functions of conserving water sources.