关于我国当前全民食盐加碘安全性的探讨

Discussion on the safety of current universal salt iodization in china

近年来我国实行的全民食盐加碘引发了关于碘盐安全性的争议 ,主要集中在碘剂的剂量和剂型两个方面。碘盐剂量遭到广泛质疑 ,一些学者提出碘盐剂量过高造成高碘性甲肿流行 ,全国统一的食盐加碘剂量标准导致甲状腺疾病的增加。此外碘盐的剂型问题也倍受关注 ,有学者提出碘酸根碘的利用率低于离子碘 ,碘盐中的碘酸钾长期摄入可能对机体造成氧化损伤。分别从剂量和剂型两个方面对碘盐的安全性进行综述 ,以期对合理补碘进行有益的探索。

Universal salt iodization has induced controversy about the safety of iodized table salt in China lately.The main two aspects of the current controversy are dose and form of iodine.The dose of iodine was widely suspected.Some scholars thought that excess iodine in the table salt caused the prevalence of high iodine goiter,universal standard of dose in the country increase the occurrence of thyroid diseases.Some researchers paid close attention to the form of iodine.They considered that bioavailability of iodate was smaller than that of iodide.Long-term digestion of potassium iodate may result in oxidative injury.Doubt on the two aspects of iodized salt were reviewed in the article in order to explore reasonable program of iodine supplementation.