排沙漏斗优化及输沙特性试验研究

Experimental Investigation on Sediment Transport of Sand Funnel

采用大比尺模型试验对排沙漏斗体型进行了优化研究,通过设置适当的悬板和调流墩以及漏斗的体型、尺寸,形成稳定的三维螺旋流使水沙分离实现连续排沙。排沙下界粒径较大时,可以选择较小的漏斗尺寸,使涡流强度提高以较小的耗水率排放泥沙。排沙下界粒径很小时,须选择较大的漏斗尺寸,使涡流强度适当以避免细颗粒泥沙因紊动上浮而被带入引水渠,同时还要避免泥沙在漏斗内淤积。直径60m的漏斗经优化体后,试验结果表明,工作流量为40～50m3/s,粒径大于0.1mm的泥沙排除率达到90%,而排沙耗水率小于10%,效果良好。

Large scale model of sand funnel was carried out to optimize the layout, and to form stable 3D votex to separate water and sediment for continuous discharging of sediment which is achieved by taking proper hang luniform board,adjusting pier,funnel diameter,layout etc.The larger the critical diameter of sediment,the smaller the sacle of funnel is applied so as to strengthen the vortex to discharge sediment with less water consumption.The smaller the critical diameter of sediment,the bigger the sacle of funnel is applied so as to keep proper voetex to avoid fine particle to mix with diversion water.A optimized funnel with diameter of 60 m was studied,and the results show that the sediment with 0.1 mm diameter or larger was discharged more than 90% of its amount under 40～50 m3/s,while the water consumption is lass than 10%,so the effect is very satisfactory.