日粮必需氨基酸模式对草鱼生长及蛋白质周转的影响

EFFECT OF DIETARY ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID PATTERN OF THE GROWTH AND PROTEIN TURNOVER OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)

通过调整原料种类和配比 ,以及补充氨基酸 ,设计了 6种必需氨基酸 (EAA)模式的日粮 ,其EAA平衡关联度分别为 0 70 71 ,0 72 59,0 740 9,0 751 2 ,0 782 7和 0 82 31。试验设计目的为研究EAA模式的平衡效果对草鱼种生长和肌肉、肝胰脏蛋白质周转代谢的影响。结果表明 :(1 )日粮EAA模式的平衡 ,促进草鱼生长和饲料的转化 ;(2 )EAA模式的平衡能提高肌肉、肝胰脏的蛋白质生长速率 (FGR) ,和蛋白质合成速率 (FSR)与降解速率 (FDR) ,但EAA模式的改变 ,对肌肉、肝胰脏蛋白质的沉积效率 (PRE) ,即FGR与FSR的比值 ,和蛋白质合成的翻译效率 (KRNA)不产生影响。 (3)日粮EAA模式的平衡促进肌肉、肝胰脏蛋白质增长的原因是蛋白质合成能力的提高 。

By changing type and proportion of ingredients and supplying amino acids, six dietary EAA patterns are designed, in which Dietary Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ respectively are in 0.7071,0.7259,0.7409,0.7512,0.7827 and 0.8231 relativity of EAA equilibrium. The purpose of the experimental design is to study effects of dietary EAA balance on the growth and protein synthesis and degradation in muscle and hepatopancreas of grass carp. Results show that: 1. The balanced EAA pattern enforce growth of grass carp and transformation of feeds. 2. The balanced EAA pattern can increase protein synthesis and degradation rate (FSR, FDR) and fractional protein growth rate (FGR) of muscular organism and hepatopancreas, but following the change of EAA pattern in diets, protein retention efficiency (PRE), that is FSR/FDR, and translational efficiency of protein synthesis (K RNA ) didn't show significant diference. 3. For the muscular orginism, relationships between FGR?FSR? FDR and relativity of EAA equilibrium is: Y FGR =3.7487x-1.3991 (r=0.9445), Y FSR =18.734x-7.4771 (r=0.9597), Y FDR =14.985x- 6.078 (r=0.9625), respectively. 4. For the hepatopancreas, relationships between FGR?FSR?FDR and relativity of EAA equilibrium is: Y FGR =4.2788x-1.6545 (r=0.9399),Y FSR =43.262x-16.207 (r=0.9315),Y FDR =38.983x-14.553 (r= 0.9303) respectively. 5. In the six dietary EAA patterns, FSR and FDR in the hepatopancreas are remarkably higher than in the muscular orginism. 6. The balanced EAA pattern can stimulate a positive protein growth, partially attributing to increased protein synthesis capacity, greater difference between synthesis and degradation.