芦荟维管束的结构与芦荟素积累的相关性

Correlation between the structure of vascular bundle and the content of aloin in Aloe

应用半薄切片、组织化学、荧光显微镜观察和薄层层析 (TLC)相结合的方法研究了中华芦荟 (Aloeve-ra L.var.chinensis)、木立芦荟 (Aloe arborescens)叶和茎内维管束的结构及其与芦荟素积累的关系。结果表明 ,木立芦荟叶内维管束和中华芦荟叶内外轮的维管束中有大型韧皮薄壁细胞 ,而木立芦荟茎和中华芦荟叶中内轮维管束无大型韧皮薄壁细胞。组织化学结果表明 ,用醋酸铅处理过的上述材料 ,大型韧皮薄壁细胞内出现沉淀物 ;在荧光显微镜下经蓝光激发 ,大型韧皮薄壁细胞发出桔黄色荧光 ,都显示出芦荟素反应。薄层层析(TLC)结果证明 ,木立芦荟和中华芦荟叶含有大型韧皮薄壁细胞的维管束都含芦荟素 ,而木立芦荟茎及中华芦荟叶中内轮维管束都不含芦荟素。为此 ,维管束中的大型韧皮薄壁细胞与芦荟素的积累密切相关 ,维管束中是否有大型韧皮薄壁细胞可作为判断是否含有芦荟素的解剖学指标。

With the methods of semi-thin section,histochemistry,fluorescent microscope and TLC,the structures of vascular bundles in leaves and stems of Aloe vera L. var.chinensis and Aloe arborescens Mill. were studied. The correlation between the structure of vascular bundle and the content of aloin was also investigated. The results showed that the vascular bundles in the leaf of Aloe arborescens and the exterior lane vascular bundles in the leaf of Aloe vera L. var.chinensis had large phloem parenchymatous cells,whereas there were no large phloem parenchymatous cells in the vascular bundles of the stem of Aloe arborescens and the interior lane ones of the leaf of Aloe vera L. var.chinensis. The investigation of histochemistry showed there were precipitate in large phloem parenchymatous cells when the material was soaked in the liquid of 1% lead acetate (Pb(CH 3COO) 2). The yellow-green fluorescence appeared in the large phloem parenchymatous cells when the section of life material was observed by fluorescent microscope with blue light. The results of TLC also showed that the leaves of Aloe vera L. var.chinensis and Aloe arborescens,where there were large phloem parenchymatous cells,contained aloin,whereas the stem of Aloe arborescens and the interior lane vascular bundles of the leaf of Aloe vera L. var.chinensis,where there were no large phloem parenchymatous cells,did not contain aloin. So the large phloem parenchymatous cells of vascular bundles were the mainly storage location of aloin. Whether or not with large phloem parenchymatous cells in vascular bundles could be used as the anatomical index to judge the aloe plant whether or not contain aloin.