他山之石:从陌生化到前景化

Stones of Other Hills:From Defamilarization to Foregrounding

陌生化和前景化作为分属两个不同理论流派的重要术语,二者之间有一种继承和发展的关系,它们既有相同之处,更有本质之别。从语言层面上来看,陌生化主要关注违背语言常规的"失协突出",而前景化既重视"失协突出",又关注因过分遵守语言常规而产生的"失衡突出",更为重要的是,它强调只有那些"有动因突出的"语言特征才具有文体价值,因此后者更为系统、全面,具有更大的理论意义和实用价值。经过这样的梳理和阐释,文体学界对陌生化和前景化存在的模糊认识就逐渐得到澄清。

Defamiliarization and foregrounding are two essential terms of different academic schools, but there exists a close tie of inheritance and development between them. Though having something in common, they are intrinsically different. Linguistically, the former mainly deals with those linguistic features of 'qualitative prominence' while the latter not only stresses those features of 'qualitative prominence', but also values those of 'quantitative prominence', and additionally, the latter insists that only those motivated linguistic features are of stylistic values, so it is more valuable in theory and more practical in practice. By such clarification and interpretation, some vague ideas about the two terms are cleared up in stylistics, particularly in functional stylistics.