考虑地球扁率摄动影响的初轨计算方法

A Method of Orbit Determination Considering the Oblatenss of the Earth

在二体问题意义下的短弧定轨,Laplace型方法是最主要最典型的一种初轨计算方法。若测角资料达到10^(-4)-10^(-5)精度(相当于2"-20"之间),那么要使定轨精度达到与其相应的程度,地球非球形引力位中的扁率项摄动应该考虑,在此前提下,同样可以采用相应的Laplace型定轨方法。即给出这种严格包含扁率摄动的初轨计算方法的原理和具体计算过程以及计算实例。除采用多资料定轨方法外,这种方法也是提高初轨计算精度的一种途径,它同样可用于多资料的情况。这种方法对于大扁率主天体(即中心天体)的卫星定轨将更有实用价值。

Laplace method is a typical method of orbit computing for short arc in the model of two-body problem. If the angel measurement is as accurate as 10-4 -10-5 (2' - 20' ), the oblateness of the Earth should be considered in the orbit computing. The theory and the process of an improved Laplace method together with numerical examples are given. Besides the orbit computing with multi-type measurements, this method is an efficient way to improve the accuracy of orbit computing. And it will be more useful to the orbit computing of the body with large oblateness.