我国特殊教育管理模式:现状、成因及对策分析

Contextual Analysis and Countermeasures of the Special Education Management in China

特殊教育是国民教育体系的重要组成部分。与普通教育的繁荣景象相比 ,我国特殊教育仍处于相对滞后的欠发展状态。从管理体制看 ,多部门办学的松散格局不利于资源的优化整合 ,也不利于发挥普教优势。为此 ,必须在战略规划方面 ,强化政府行为 ,增强其宏观调控能力 ;在战略实施方面 ,突出教育部门的主管功能 ,集中整合、统一管理 ;在运作机制方面 ,在现有的“公办”为主的特殊教育领域引入竞争、责任机制 ,发展和培育多元化的办学模式。

Special education is an important component of national education. In comparison with the flourishing regular education, special education is in the process of development in China. The loose school management by multi-sectors not only obstructs the optimization of special education resources but also prevent regular education from maximizing its strengths. It is necessary to strengthen the government planning at macroscopic level, to stress the leading role of education authority, and to introduce competitive mechanism and accountability in special education.