地矿部物探发展四十年

THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION ACHIEVED BY MGMR IN THE PAST 40 YEARS

本文概要回顾了地矿部物探四十年经历早期创业、发展壮大、全面发展三个阶段。队伍达到4万余人的历史。方法上由三类四种基本方法增加至六类40余种常用的方法,一些已跨入国际先进行列。四十年物探圈出了数以百计的油气构造及油气田,勘查出数以千计的金属矿和非金属矿的矿产地,完成了数以万计的水源地与工程环境物探项目,提出了一大批基础地质和深部地质问题的新认识;圈出了近海四个海域油气远景区,并开发了远洋海域大地构造的研究。四十年物探技术方面形成或建立起第二代航空物探技术系统,区域重力调查技术系统,石油地震勘探技术体系,固体矿产深部找矿的物探方法系列,水文、地热、工程、环境物探方法系列,井中物探方法系列,油气、煤田、盐类矿和水文测井系列,海洋物探技术系统,深部地球物理调查方法系列和体系,计算机应用体系。当今,我部具有一支能在空中、地面、地下、海上开展工作,方法齐全,技术配套的队伍,可胜任摆在我们面前的重点工作,即保证区域物探开展,加强急缺矿产物探普查,拓宽水文、工程、环境物探工作领域,大力推动技术进步,努力开发技术市场。

Abstract The development of geochemical exploration since the establishment of the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources 40 years ago is briefly reviewed in this paper. The Geochemical Prospecting Division under MGMR was set up in 1952. Since then, geochemical prospecting has experienced several stages; first, there was the early starting stage; from 1960 s, the levels of methods a.nd techniques for geochemical prospecting were steadily raised, and the contingent of technicians was expanded year after year; since 1978, geochemical prospe cting has entered a stage of all-round and rapid development, and this is espe cially obvious in such aspects as regional geochemical prospecting, geochemical prospecting for gold deposits, geochemical rock survey, mercurometric survey and analytical methods and techniques. In the past ten years, regional geoche mical prospecting has covered an area of 4010000 km2 in China, geochemical prospcting has gained conspicuous ore-prospecting effects in search for ore resources of noble metals and nonferrous metals, and geochemical methods and techniques have ascended to a new height: relatively advanced world levels have been reached In such fields as working methods for geochemical prospe cting (especially the working method for geochemical prospecting in special landscape units), the analytical techniques of samples and quality monitoring, the preparation of standard samples, the application of computers to geochemi cal prospecting, and the development of instruments for geochemical prospe cting. Looking forward to the future, the geochemical prospecting work of MGMR has clear and definite objectives and arduous tasks, and is bound to play an increasingly important role in geological ore-prospecting as well as in environmental and agricultural studies.