论康德绝对命令的实践理路及价值指归

On Practical Paths and Moral Value Goal of Kant's Absolute Order

康德所谓绝对命令是指主体无条件地服从义务以实现道德价值的道德律令。本文论述了绝对命令的双向实践理路:意志自律——绝对命令的我向规定;“以人为目的”——绝对命令的外向要求;理性幸福——绝对命令的价值指归。

Kant's absolute order is the moral order through which the subject obeys moral duties uncondi- tionally so that he/she could achieve the moral value. The author expounds the two-way practical paths of abso- lute order and its moral value goal. The subject should accomplish self-restraint of moral will, which is the inner demand of absolute order. Also would he/she regard the humans as the goal, its extrinsic requirement. The au- thor points out that rational happiness is the moral value goal of the absolute order.