青光眼住院病人流行病学调查——疾病构成及其变化特点

Epidemiology of hospitalized patients with Glaucoma ——the constitutive proportions and their dynamic characteristics

目的 :了解青光眼住院病人的病型构成、性别、年龄分布及其变化特点 ,尤其是原发性青光眼内部构成的变化 ,为制定青光眼防治的新策略提供依据。方法 :对眼科 1978年 1月～ 1981年 12月以及 2 0 0 1年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月所有青光眼住院病人进行统计分析。结果 :原发性青光眼患者占所有青光眼住院病人的 81 3 5 %。原发性开角型青光眼 ( primaryopenangleglaucoma ,POAG)在原发性青光眼的比例于 1978 1～ 1981 12为 11 3 % ,2 0 0 1 1～ 2 0 0 2 12为 2 3 9%。经检验POAG构成比增大有统计学意义。先天性青光眼 (CongenitalGlaucoma ,CG)和继发性青光眼 (SecondaryGlaucoma ,SG )分别占整个青光眼住院病人的 5 0 5 %和13 5 9% ,其构成比均无显著性变化。PACG中位数年龄在 1978 1～ 1981 12为 5 4岁 ,在 2 0 0 1 1～ 2 0 0 2 12为 63岁 ;POAG则分别为 47 5及 47岁。女性患者在PACG与POAG分别占 64 8%与 2 5 8%。结论 :原发性青光眼在青光眼住院病人中占绝大多数 ,其中原发性闭角型青光眼 (Primaryangleclosureglaucoma ,PACG)仍占主要部分 ,但POAG的构成有增多的趋势 ,分析可能有诊断 ,屈光不正 ,全身情况 ,环境 ,遗传以及社会因素等方面的原因。

Objective:To investigate the proportion of different types of glaucoma,distribution of genders and ages as well as the changes in inpatient with glaucoma,especially the primary glaucoma. 971 cases in our department from January 1978 to December 1981 and from January 2001 to December 2002 were included. Results:In all cases,the patients with primary glaucoma constituted 81.35%.During the period January 1978 to December 1981,primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) constituted 11.3% of all primary glaucoma,while it changed to 23.9% during January 2001 to December 2002 (P<0.05).Congenital glaucoma and secondary glaucoma constituted 5.05% and 13.59% of all kinds of glaucoma respectively with no change of significant statistically from the two periods.The median ages of PACG and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were 54 and 47.5 years old during 1978.1～1981.12, while were 63 and 47 during 2001.1～2002.12,respectively.Females constituted 64.8% and 25.8% of all PACG and POAG patients at the two times,respectively. Conclusions:Most of the hospitalized patients with glaucoma were patients with primary glaucoma,with PACG constituting the greater part.However,POAG seems to have risen during those years.