豚鼠颞骨显微解剖学研究

Microanatomic Study of the Temporal Bone of Guinea Pig

目的 准确定位豚鼠中、内耳结构。方法 对 15只正常健康成年豚鼠的中耳、内耳进行显微解剖 ,对颞骨标本标志结构放大 0 6 1倍并照相。结果 在豚鼠的颞骨标本上准确定位出下列中耳结构 :鼓膜、听骨链、卵圆窗、圆窗、咽圆窗鼓管鼓口、面神经等 ;内耳结构 :耳蜗、三个半规管、椭圆囊、球囊、乙状窦、内听道、内淋巴囊裂、前庭导水管口、蜗水管口等。结论 豚鼠颞骨结构与人体颞骨结构基本一致 ,但亦有区别 ,此项研究工作可以指导和帮助利用豚鼠作耳科研究的工作者准确定位中耳。

Objective To locate exactly the structures of middle and inner ears. Methods The location of the middle and inner ear was investigated and photographed with 0.6~1 times magnification under the zeiss dissection microscope in 15 healthy adult guinea pigs. Results The located structures of the middle ear in the guinea pig include tympanic membrane, ossicular chain, oval window, round window, tympanic foramen of eustachian tube, facial nerve, etc; and the inner ear structures include cochlear, triple semicircular canals, utricle, sacculus, sigmoid sinus, internal auditory meatus, endolymphatic sac, foramen of vestibular aqueduct, foramen of cochlear aqueduct, etc. Conclusion Compared with human temporal anatomy, there are some exceptions in spite of general similarities. This study will be a helpful guide for ear researchers to exactly locate the structures of middle or/and inner ear in guinea pigs.