汽车碰撞试验导向机构设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Guiding Structure for the Vehicle Impact Test

设计和分析了一种新的用于汽车碰撞试验台的导向机构。通过力学模型的建立和分析 ,探讨了安装高度、导向夹紧程度、导向与车轮摩擦因数等在导向功能中的影响 ,提出了导向机构及安装工况的优化设计准则和参考计算方程 ,经算例和在几十次不同类型汽车的碰撞试验中的应用证明 ,该导向系统能够很好的满足导向要求 ,并具有结构简单、可靠性强、可调节性强、不需在车辆上附加牵引结构等优点。该导向机构设计原理及分析方法可以为类似的轮式物体推进式传动的导向机构设计提供参考。

A new kind of guiding structure for the vehicle impact test was designe d and analyzed.Basing on the analysis of mechanical model,this paper discussed t he influence of the structure by some important factors,such as the height of in stallation,the clamping force and the friction factor between wheels and the gui ding structure.And some equations and optimality principles for design and insta llation were presented as well.The guiding structure has been proved to meet the requirements of guiding function successfully by calculation and several vehicl e impact test.This design was also proved to be simple,dependable and adjustable without any attachment of vehicles.The principle of design and method of analys is provided some guidelines for the design of similar structures.