生殖周期中大鼠输卵管漏斗部粘膜上皮超微结构的变化

Ultrastructural Changes of Infundibulum Epithelium of Oviduct During the Genital Cycle in Rat

目的 探讨大鼠输卵管漏斗部上皮的周期性形态变化。方法 用体重 2 0 0 - 2 5 0 g的雌性SD大鼠 4 0只 ,根据阴道细胞学检查结果将其平分为四组 :动情前期 (PE)、动情期 (E)、动情后期 (ME)及动情间期(DE)组 ,用扫描电镜、透射电镜和PAS反应的方法观察漏斗部粘膜上皮在动情周期中的动态变化。结果 大鼠输卵管漏斗部粘膜上皮主要由纤毛细胞和无纤毛细胞组成。粘膜表面可见密集的纤毛 ,纤毛细胞比较集中分布于皱襞顶部 ,纤毛高度与摆动朝向一致 ,无纤毛细胞零星散在于纤毛细胞间。在动情周期 ,漏斗部的纤毛细胞未见明显的去复纤毛的改变 ;无纤毛细胞顶部表面也无明显的分化和去分化的变化 ,微绒毛在各期都很密集。另在粘膜腔面可见广泛的分泌物 ,分泌物于动情前期和动情期较明显。但无纤毛细胞内未见典型的分泌颗粒 ,PAS反应阳性产物于上皮细胞内和腔面均未查及。结论 大鼠输卵管漏斗部上皮的周期性变化是与其拾取和输送卵经漏斗口进入壶腹部的功能相适应的 ,该变化不同于其他动物可能与大鼠生殖周期短有关 ;

Objective To observe the ultrastructural changes of infundibulum epithelium of rat’s oviduct during the genital cycle in rat. Methods By scanning electron microscop,transmission electron microscope and PAS reaction.The animals were devided into four groups,including proestrus group(PE),estrus group(E),metaestrus group (ME) and diestrus group(DE). Results The epithelium of rat's infundibulum mainly consisted of ciliated and nonciliated cells.There were abundant cilia on the surface of the ciliatd cell. The ciliatd cells densely distributed concentrating in the apex of the crypt, while the nonciliated cells situated among them sporadically.In the genital cycle,the changes of de cilium and re cilium of the ciliated cells, and the differentiation and de differentiation of the nonciliatd cells were not observed.The microvilli on the surface of the nonciliated cells were equally dense. Extensive secretions on the surface of the mucosa were observed with more obvious in the proestrus and estyus stage.But no obvious secretory granules were found in the the nonciliated cells, and PAS reaction in the cells and on the free surface of epithelium was negative.Conclusion The changes of rat's infundibulum during the genital cycle were adapted to the functions of the infundibulum for picking up and transporting ova to ampulla.The above changes different from other species animals were most probably because the short genital cycle and the very short luteal phase in rats.The function of the secretory cells of the infundibulum remained to be further studied.