肌锥间隙的断层解剖

Cross-sectional anatomy of muscular cone space

目的:为眶区影像诊断和手术治疗提供断层解剖学资料。方法:应用36例成人头颅湿标本,制成0.5 mm冠状位火棉胶连续切片,用双目解剖镜对眶区结构进行形态观察,并采用计算机图像分析系统对标本上的肌锥间隙、视神经进行了测量。结果:肌锥间隙自眼球后极层面,自前向后,面积随眶腔减小,但不同层面肌锥间隙占眶腔的比例基本一致。眶内段视神经从前向后,横径和面积先逐渐减小,而后逐渐增大,垂直径逐渐减小,其与4条直肌的距离逐渐减小。结论:熟悉肌锥间隙的显微解剖,对影像诊断,麻醉及手术均有重要意义。

Objective : To provide data for sectional anatomy of imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of the orbit. Methods :Thirty-six orbit specimens of adult cadaveric heads were examined and sectioned into continuous slices (0.5 mm thickness) in coronal plane with celloidin embedding process, and were observed by two-eyepiece anatomical microscope. The muscular cone space and the optic nerve in specimens were measured by computer micro-image analysis system. Results : The areas of the muscular cone space and the orbital cavity decreased gradually from the section of the posterior pole of the eyeball to the optic foramen. However, the rates of the area of the muscular cone space comparing with the area of the orbital cavity were basically unified in the different sections. The horizontal diameters and areas of the intraorbital part of the optic nerve decreased gradually from anterior to posterior, and increased afterward. Meanwhile, the vertical diameters decreased gradually. The spaces between the optic nerve and the 4 recti muscles decreased gradually from anterior to posterior. Conclusion :The microsurgical anatomy data of the muscular cone space are obtained, which has great significance for imaging diagnosis, anaesthesia and operation.