全训部队能量和蛋白质营养状况调查

SURVEY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN IN FULL-TIME MILITARY TRAINING SOLDIERS

目的观察全训部队在执行新的《军人食物定量》标准 1年多之后 ,食物供给情况及能量和蛋白质营养状况。方法选择某部 3个连队进行调查。膳食调查采用称量法和查帐法相结合的方式 ,能量消耗采用时间活动法 ,生化检测、体测量采用全军统一方法。结果 (1)受调查的 3个连队每人每日的能量消耗为 17.9～ 18.9MJ ,均为极重劳动强度 ;每人每日的能量摄入为16 .4～ 18.0MJ ,略低于能量消耗 ,但仍在正常范围内。在能量来源分布方面 ,蛋白质占总热量的11.2 %～ 14 .5 % ,基本符合军标要求 ;而脂肪占 31.5 %～ 4 4.1% ,明显高于军标 ;碳水化合物占4 4.7%～ 5 4.5 % ,则低于军标。 (2 )食物结构调查显示谷类、鱼类、蔬菜的摄入量低于军标 ,肉类则高于军标。每人每日蛋白质摄入量为 113.4～ 133.2g ,符合军标要求。 (3) 6 6名受检者的血清胆固醇高于正常值者占 16 .7% ,血清甘油三酯高于正常值者占 6 .1%。体重过重和肥胖人数占受检 135人的 10 .4 %。结论全训部队官兵的食物供应得到了较大的改善。能量和蛋白质营养状况基本良好 ,但食物结构仍欠合理 ,脂肪摄入量偏高 ,导致少数人血脂偏高 。

Objective To investigate dietary supply and nutritional status of energy and protein in full-time military training soldiers after execution of the new standard (Dietary ration for soldier) for more than one year. Methods Three companies were selected for the investigation.Food supply was surveyed by weighing and account checking, energy-consumption was assayed by time motion method, and biochemical indices and physical development were measured by the standard methods. Results (1)The daily energy expenditure of soldier in 3 selected companies (17.9～18.9 MJ) were of very heavy labor intensity, and lower than the energy intake (16.4～18.0 MJ), but the differences were in normal range. In distribution of energy sources,protein accounted for 11.2%～14.5% of total calories, which was conformed to the military standard; fat accounted for 31.5%～44.1%, lower than the military standard;caroohydrate accounted for 44.7%～54.5%,higher than the military standard.(2) The survey on dietary constitution showed that intake of cereals, fishes,vegetables were lower while that of meats was higher than the military standard. The daily intake of protein (113.4～133.2 g) was accorded with the military standard. (3)16.7% and 6.1% of 66 soldiers had hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia respectively.10.4% of 135 soldiers examined were over weight and obese. Conclusion Dietary supply was markedly improved in full-time military training troops.The nutritional status of energy and protein were better than before but dietary constitution is still not rational.The intake of fat was higher resulting in hyperlipidemia and overweight in some soldiers.