中国香菇自然种质遗传多样性的RAPD分析

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN NATURAL GERMPLASM OF LENTINULA EDODES IN CHINA USING RAPD TECHNIQUE

用RAPD技术分析了收集自中国14个省份、分属于8个不同植物区系的53个野生香菇菌株的DNA多态性。用10个随机引物共扩增出147条DNA带,其中94%具有多态性。供试菌株在RAPD带型及DNA相似性上的差异表明,中国香菇自然群体具有丰富的遗传多样性。其中,横断山脉、云南高原、台湾及华南地区菌株的多样性尤为丰富。用平均连锁聚类法构建了样本的遗传相关聚类图。大多数来自同一区域或相邻区域的菌株优先聚成小类,表明菌株的分组与其地理来源明显相关。以0.66的相似性为切割点,53个菌株可分成4大类群。类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ主要由横断山脉、云南高原和华中地区菌株组成,类群Ⅲ包含其他地区的菌株。类群Ⅳ则是由来自华北和四川省的共5个菌株组成的一个小的分支。

Fifty-three wild strains of Lentinula edodes collected from 14 provinces distributed in 8 floristic regions of China were assessed for DNA polymorphism using RAPD technique. A total of 147 RAPD bands were amplified using 10 random primers, and 94% were found to be polymorphic. The variations of RAPD band patterns and DNA similarity among the strains reveal that there is great genetic diversity in the natural germplasm of Lentinula edodes in China. The genetic diversity of the strains in the Hengduashan mountains, the Yunnan Plateau, Taiwan and South China shows much greater. A cluster dendrogram of the sample was constructed using average linkage clustering. Most strains derived from identical or neighbouring regions were classified precedently into the small groups , indicating obvious correllation between division of strains into groups and their localities. The fifty three strains were classified into 4 groups using 0.66 similarity as a cut-off point. GroupⅠand group Ⅱ mainly consisted of strains in the Hengduanshan mountains, the Yunnan Plateau and Central China, while group Ⅲ comprised those in the other regions. Grops Ⅳ was the small branch containing 5 strains derived from North China and Sichuan Province.