大荔县婴幼儿佝偻病分布及流行因素

THE DISTRIBUTION AND EPIDEMICAL FACTORS OF INFANTILE RICKRTS IN DALI COUNTY

为了解大荔县婴幼儿佝偻病发、患病规律及有关的流行因素,于1987年春、秋进行了两次流行病学调查。结果是:在调查的1988名3岁以内婴幼儿中,患病930人,患病率46.8%。1岁内婴儿发病率69.6%。患病率随年龄的增加而降低,各年龄组间患病率差异非常显著(P<0.01)。婴儿期发病的流行因素是,出生季节、母亲文化程度。1～3岁幼儿患病的流行因素是年龄、主食种类、居室朝向和患其它疾病情况。提示:婴儿期佝偻病发病最高,是预防佝偻病的重点人群。由于影响发、患病的流行因素较多,应对婴、幼儿分别采取有针对性的方法进行防治,降低发、患病率。

Two times epidemiological investigation were made to acquire the rules and characters of the incidence and morbidity of rickets and the epidemical factors of rickets in spring and autumn 1987 in Dali county. The result showed that there were 930 parents with rickets in 1988 children aged 0～3 years. the morbidity rate was 46.8% and the incidence rate was 69.6% in the infants aged 0～1 years. The morbidity rate showd a tendency to decrease according as the age in creased. The differences of the morbidity rate among age brackets were very significant (P<0.01). The incidence of rickets in infancy was related to the seasons when the infants were born and mothers cducation levels. The factors affecting the morbidity in childrcn aged 1～3 years included children'ages, different kinds of staple food, states of their health and lacings of the rooms where the children have been living The results suggested the highest incidence rate of infants was in infancy and infants belong in high-risk group of rickets. In view of varied factors affecting the incidence systematic medical instruction and various preventin and therapentic methods should be taken to lower the incidence rate of rickets.