颅底骨折的高分辨率CT诊断

High-resolution CT in the diagnosis of skull base fracture

目的 应用高分辨率CT技术以提高颅底骨折的诊断水平。方法 对66例CT检查确诊为颅底骨折的病例进行回顾性分析。结果 6例为单纯颅底骨折,60例伴发鼻腔鼻窦、眼眶或颅盖骨折。前颅窝底骨折53例,其中筛板部骨折37例,眶上壁骨折34例,蝶骨小翼骨折32例。中颅窝底骨折48例,其中视神经管骨折31例,蝶骨体骨折27例,蝶骨大翼骨折25例,圆孔骨折15例,翼管骨折4例。后颅窝底骨折7例,其中岩部骨折4例,乳突部骨折5例,枕骨斜坡骨折2例。结论 颅底骨折为外科急诊中的常见病,高分辨率CT技术是目前确断颅底骨折的有效方法。

Objective To improve the diagnosis of the skull base fracturewith high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Methods Analy-sis of sixty-six cases with obvious HRCT features was processedretrospectively. Results In 66 cases, there were 6 cases of simple skullbase fracture, 60 cases with nose cavities, sinuses, ocular or skullfractures. There were 53 cases of the anterior cranial base fracture, inwitch 37 cases were ethmoid labella fracture, 34 cases superior wall ofthe orbit, and 32 less wings of the sphenoid bone. There were 48 casesof the medial cranial base fracture, in witch, 31 cases were fracture ofthe optic nerve canal, 27 cases were the sphenoid body, 25 grate wingsof sphenoid, 15 round orifices, and 4 pterygoid canals. There were 7cases of the posterior cranial base, in witch, 4 cases were fracture inthe petrous part of temporal bone, 5 mastoid part of the temporal bone,and 2 clivus of the occipital bone. Conclusion The fracture of skull basewas common disease in emergency. HRCT was the effective techniqueto diagnose the skull base fracture now.