苹果壁蜂授粉效果的研究

RESEARCH ON THE RESULT OF POLLINATION OF APPLE BY OSMIA BEES

苹果花期利用壁蜂授粉的研究结果表明,秦冠和红富士花朵座果率分别提高19.70%和62.97%,落果率秦冠降低88.19%、红富士降低32.90%;果品产量,秦冠平均亩产提高5.92%～30.56%,红富士平均亩产提高11.11%～36.65%;果品硬度降低,可溶性固形物、可溶性糖及维生素C的含量均增加,可滴定酸含量降低;果实着色显著增加。

Compared with those orchards in which all the apple trees are naturally pollinated, the orchards in which apple trees are pollinated by artificially released Osmia bees in the time of apple bossoming have the following advantages:(1) The rate of fruit setting is increased by 19.70% in the variety of Qin. guan and by 62.93% in Red Fuji;(2) The rate of premature drop is decreased by 88.19% in Qin, guan and by 32.90% in Red Fuji;(3) The growth of apple fruits is accelerated;(4) The yield of apples is increased by 5.92%～30.56% in Qin, guan and by 11.11%～36.60% in Red Fuji variety. In the meantime, the amounts of soluble solid concentration, soluble sugar and vitamin Care increased while both the fruit toughness and the amount of titrationable acid of fruit are decreased. Fruit colouration is increased obviously.