中国冬小麦品种的矮秆基因型(英文)

DWARF GENOTYPES OF CHINESE VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT

1985～1986年用6个中国冬小麦品种(系)丰产3号、矮丰3号、771、772、361和荆21与3个美国矮秆基因测验种stephens(含Rht_1)、Nugains(含Rht_2)、WA4303(含Rht_1和Rht_2)杂交,得18个杂交组合,连同P_1、P_2′F_1、F_2)共36种基因型,种植在美国受达荷大学。结果表明,株高、茎长、穗长及5个节间等性状在F_1表现显性或超显性。在P_1、P_2、F_1的27个基因型中,第5节间与株高、茎长、茎长与株高、穗长与穗粒数、抽穗期与开花期间都存在着高度正相关。从芽鞘、苗高对GA_3处理的敏感性,可以把参试的中国冬小麦品种的矮秆基因型分为4类:(1)双高秆基因型(rht_1′rht_2),以丰产3号为代表;(2)对GA_3敏感的矮秆基因型,以荆21为代表;(3)对GA_3不敏感的矮秆基因型,以771和772为代表;(4)单矮秆基因型(rht_1),以矮丰3号和361为代表。

Three American varieties and six Chinese varieties of wheat, and eighteen crosses were planted in Moscow. ID in 1985～1986.All F_1 populations expressed dominance or overdominance in all traits studied. Highly correlations were found in all parents and crosses between internode 5 and culm length, internode 5 and plant height, culm length and plant height, ear length and kernels per ear. heading date and anthesis date. Negative eorrelations existed in F_1S between internode 5 and heading date. and anthesis date.The GA_3 reactions on the coleoptile length of F_2S occurred in the Chinese series crosses. The results indicated that Chinese varieties would be classified four genotypes: 1) Fengehan 3 with rht_1 and rht_2; 2) ZHF 21 with GA_3-insensitive dwarf genes: 3) ZHF771 and ZHF772 have GA_3noninsensitive dwarf genes: and 4) Aifeng 3 and ZHF361 with RHt_1.