祁连山主要植被下土壤对降雨分配的研究

Study on main vegetation tykes to distribute rainfall in soil on QiLian Mountain

以祁连山主要植被类型下的土壤为研究对象,对其物理性质、渗透率、渗流速度及其地表径流进行研究,结果表明:土壤的物理性质决定着土壤对降雨的分配情况,有林地将降雨全部分配成入渗水,而牧坡草地根据降雨强度和持续时间不同将降雨按不同的比例分配成入渗水和地表径流水2部分,不同植被的土壤蓄水量也各不相同。林地土壤100cm土层蓄水量为320.2～509.7mm,比牧坡草地高5.4%～60.47%,灌丛云杉和高山灌丛土壤蓄水量最高;轻度放牧的草地土壤蓄水量比强度放牧的高33.48%。

based on the research on main vegetation type to drstr:lutl rarn in soil on QiLian mountains, its physical property, osmosis rate, infiltrating fluid speed and surface runoff were conducted. The results showed that the physical property of soil decided the distribution of rainfall. The forest land completely distributes the rainfall into infiltrating water, whereas the grassland distributes the rainfall into both infiltrating water and surface water based on the intensity of rainfall and its duration, and the retaining water capacity of different vegetations soil is not same. The retaining water of forest land with the depth of 100cm is 320.2～509.7 mm, over 5.4～60.47 percent than that of grassland; the highest retaining water of soil ware shrub spruces and alpine shrubs; the retaining water of soil of slight graving grassland was higher than that of intensive graving grassland.;