从安全困境到安全共同体:建构主义的解析

From Security Dilemma to Security Community: A Perspective from Constructivism

新现实主义认为 ,在国际体系的无政府状态下 ,作为个体的国家在结构或整体的层次上无法实现真正的安全 ,国家处在安全困境之中。对现实主义所描述的这一国际政治的基本特征 ,建构主义做了新的解析。它认为安全困境并非国际政治的固有特征 ,而是由行动者建构的。行动者的实践互动造就了不同的规则和无政府状态文化 ,因而行动者之间可能出现安全困境 ,也可以构成安全共同体。

Neo-realism claims that relationship among states is always in a security dilemma owing to the anarchy on international system level.However,Constructivism believes that security dilemma is not an inherent feature of international politics,but a character constructed by the practices of agents.These practices shape different rules or different types of anarchical culture that bring about two kinds of relationships among states: one is security dilemma and the other is security community.